Official portrait: unitedstates/images (public domain; source GPO Member Guide)
Rep. Justin Amash (L-MI)
House · Libertarian (most recent term) · MI-3 · in Congress 2011–2021 · Bioguide ID A000367
Party history: R 2011–2019, L 2019–2021 (party changed during service). Source: term data in unitedstates/congress-legislators (CC0); party shown is as recorded per term there.
Estimated net worth (from public disclosures)
| Estimate | Report year | Low | Mid | High |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (a) Estimated net worth at the earliest available report (2013); the member entered office earlier, in 2011 | 2013 | $518,028 | $1,394,013 | $2,269,998 |
| (b) Latest net worth estimate | 2019 | −$206,962 | $3,344,517 | $6,895,996 |
| (c) Estimated gain / loss, nominal dollars, 2013 → 2019 (6 years spanned) | 2013–2019 | −$2,476,960 | +$1,950,504 | +$6,377,968 |
Gain Low = latest Low − earliest High; Gain High = latest High − earliest Low (widest possible spread); Mid = latest Mid − earliest Mid.
Reliability flags (net worth): 2013: 1 Schedule A row(s) had the upper bound of the range lost in text extraction; completed from the fixed statutory bracket; 2019: 1 Schedule A row(s) had the upper bound of the range lost in text extraction; completed from the fixed statutory bracket. Included in the recommended dollar-gain ranking.
Net worth by report year (mid; Low–High)
| Report year | Assets (mid) | Liabilities (mid) | Net worth mid | Low … High | Status / flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | $1,744,014 | $350,001 | $1,394,013 | $518,028 … $2,269,998 | computed; 1 Schedule A row(s) had the upper bound of the range lost in text extraction; completed from the fixed statutory bracket |
| 2014 | $1,756,512 | $350,001 | $1,406,511 | $543,024 … $2,269,998 | computed |
| 2015 | $1,714,012 | $350,001 | $1,364,011 | $508,024 … $2,219,998 | computed |
| 2016 | $4,856,512 | $1,100,002 | $3,756,511 | $593,025 … $6,919,997 | computed |
| 2017 | $5,272,512 | $1,100,002 | $4,172,511 | $870,025 … $7,474,997 | computed; 1 Schedule A row(s) had the upper bound of the range lost in text extraction; completed from the fixed statutory bracket |
| 2018 | $5,116,518 | $1,100,002 | $4,016,517 | $702,037 … $7,330,997 | computed |
| 2019 | $5,194,519 | $1,850,002 | $3,344,517 | −$206,962 … $6,895,996 | computed; 1 Schedule A row(s) had the upper bound of the range lost in text extraction; completed from the fixed statutory bracket |
- What this is: Net worth = Schedule A assets (each value range at its midpoint; low–high range shown) minus Schedule D liabilities (midpoints / ranges). Low = assets at range floors minus liabilities at range ceilings; Mid = midpoints; High = assets at ceilings minus liabilities at floors. Low and High are outer bounds of the reported ranges, not likely outcomes.
- What it excludes / understates: exact values (only ranges are reported); a personal residence is not reported as an asset (although a mortgage on it may be listed as a liability, which then lowers the estimate); retirement and federal accounts (e.g. Thrift Savings Plan, defined-benefit pensions) are only partly or not reported; assets of excepted/blind trusts, cash held below reporting thresholds, vehicles, household goods and most spouse/dependent items exempt from reporting are not included; liabilities on a personal residence, revolving credit under thresholds and loans to family may be omitted by filers.
- Open-ended top ranges (e.g. “Over $50,000,000”) are counted at their lower bound and flagged, so such values are understated.
- The change is a change in estimated net worth in nominal dollars (no inflation adjustment). It includes salary, gifts, inheritances, business income and re-valuation as well as investment results, and it is subject to range-bracket noise; it is not an investment return and implies nothing about conduct.
Read this first. Members report asset values only as ranges (e.g. “$15,001 – $50,000”), never exact dollars. Every figure below is an estimate computed from range midpoints, not a measured return. Figures cannot be interpreted as investment performance, and they do not show wrongdoing or skill. Methodology and limitations are at the end and in the project README. Sources: public financial disclosure reports filed with the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives and/or the Secretary of the Senate (Senate eFD), linked below.
Avg. annual change (geometric, est.)+11.4%
Simple average of years+12.4%
Years estimated4
Best / worst single year2015 +39%
2018 -0%
2018 -0%
Reliability flags: few years (4); 3 unparsed value(s).
Sensitivity band for the average (all ranges at floor vs. all at ceiling, same holdings both years): +6.6% to +13.3%. This band is narrow because it moves both years together; the true uncertainty is larger — see the per-year “strict envelope” column and the limitations.
Estimated year-over-year change
Bars: midpoint estimate; whisker: same-position floor/ceiling band. Axis clipped to −100%…+150%. Years with insufficient traceable holdings are omitted.
| Year (t−1 → t) | Opening value (mid) | Closing value (mid) | Income (mid) | Buys (mid) | Sales (mid) | Est. gain | Same-position band | Strict envelope | Traced coverage | Status / flags |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013→2014 | $888,512 | $883,010 | $42,208 | $0 | $48,502 | +9.6% | +8.5% … +10.0% | -89% … +108% | 89% | counted |
| 2014→2015 | $1,468,508 | $1,460,508 | $592,858 | $16,001 | $8,000 | +39.3% | +13.3% … +50.4% | -74% … +152% | 84% | counted |
| 2015→2016 | $848,510 | $1,741,010 | $44,058 | $0 | $0 | +110.4% | +101.0% … +136.9% | -25% … +245% | 50% | excluded; not eligible: traced coverage 50% < 60% |
| 2016→2017 | $1,856,512 | $1,897,512 | $14,558 | $0 | $0 | +3.0% | +2.9% … +3.1% | -80% … +86% | 38% | excluded; not eligible: traced coverage 38% < 60% |
| 2017→2018 | $4,585,008 | $4,509,508 | $76,902 | $129,504 | $107,501 | -0.4% | -1.0% … +1.6% | -118% … +117% | 94% | counted; many new/exited positions |
| 2018→2019 | $5,051,518 | $5,103,518 | $9,358 | $0 | $0 | +1.2% | +0.6% … +3.4% | -113% … +115% | 99% | counted |
Filings used
Each annual-report year uses one filing (most recently filed version among originals/amendments whose Schedule A row count is ≥ 40% of the largest). Electronic (text) PDFs are parsed. Scanned/image-only filings are OCR-read and used only if they pass the explicit validation gates described in the project README (value/income coverage, two-engine agreement, exact bracket snapping, page completeness, year-to-year position continuity); such years are labelled OCR-derived below. Scanned filings that fail validation are listed as “insufficient data – scanned”.
| Report year | Doc ID | Type | Filed | Schedule A rows | Rows with unparsed value | Source (official filing) / SHA-256 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2013 | 10001877 | House annual | 5/14/2014 | 28 | 1 | 10001877.pdf04cfebc9699faaecf31a3eae0c674edcac581d6204be2172f4e91039a81a9ac9 |
| 2014 | 10006484 | House annual | 5/15/2015 | 28 | 0 | 10006484.pdff4b6fc4e4889b9460650fd836d5021c85b977beb0ded6b474dfce85d9c839a0b |
| 2015 | 10012062 | House annual | 5/16/2016 | 25 | 0 | 10012062.pdf5a891fada6823eaf141a1cf606150770a5d301b4cfda702d534aac2c230f2bd8 |
| 2016 | 10016808 | House annual | 5/15/2017 | 25 | 0 | 10016808.pdf31402023520eaf51b07cde80f296e542e79d7fe4ffc2be9ec819053bad5b6a6a |
| 2017 | 10022423 | House annual | 5/12/2018 | 25 | 1 | 10022423.pdfc95e35355e126f1f22a0e08ddc9ffa6de5a1f95bbe94795e5164d2cc9a70701a |
| 2018 | 10027684 | House annual | 5/15/2019 | 47 | 0 | 10027684.pdfd1bd59589a659099b2f3eaaaa1b5d3912c2d85f3cb2f5342930f94ac96066f24 |
| 2019 | 10037970 | House annual | 8/13/2020 | 38 | 1 | 10037970.pdf1c1042c6d480688ebd0797c6057ece3968399fb8235cfc60ddc5c2b5dc7e9a50 |
Largest movers 2014→2015
| Position (as written in filing) | Owner | Kind | Opening range(s) | Closing range(s) | Buys (mid) | Sales (mid) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC3 ⇒ SPDR MidCap Trust Series I (MDY) | DC | held | $15,001 - $50,000 | $15,001 - $50,000 | $8,000 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC3 ⇒ PowerShares QQQ Trust, Series 1 (QQQ) | DC | held | $15,001 - $50,000 | $15,001 - $50,000 | $8,000 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC2 ⇒ SPDR S&P 500 (SPY) | DC | held | $50,001 - $100,000 | $50,001 - $100,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC2 ⇒ SPDR MidCap Trust Series I (MDY) | DC | held | $15,001 - $50,000 | $15,001 - $50,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Michigan Industrial Tools | — | held | $500,001 - $1,000,000 | $500,001 - $1,000,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Standard Bear, LLC ⇒ Commercial Real Estate | — | held | $100,001 - $250,000 | $100,001 - $250,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC2 ⇒ iShares MSCI EAFE ETF (EFA) | DC | held | $1,001 - $15,000 | $1,001 - $15,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC3 ⇒ iShares MSCI Emerging Index Fund (EEM) | DC | held | $1,001 - $15,000 | $1,001 - $15,000 | $0 | $0 |
Largest movers 2017→2018
| Position (as written in filing) | Owner | Kind | Opening range(s) | Closing range(s) | Buys (mid) | Sales (mid) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Fidelity Investments 401(k) Plan ⇒ Fidelity 500 Index Fund (FXAIX) [EF] | — | new | — | $100,001 - $250,000 | $32,500 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC2 ⇒ SPDR S&P 500 (SPY) [EF] | DC | held | $100,001 - $250,000 | $50,001 - $100,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC3 ⇒ SPDR S&P 500 (SPY) [EF] | DC | held | $100,001 - $250,000 | $50,001 - $100,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC1 ⇒ iShares MSCI EAFE ETF (EFA) [EF] | DC | held | $15,001 - $50,000 | None | $0 | $0 |
| Fifth Third Bank Checking Account [BA] | JT | held | $1,001 - $15,000 | $15,001 - $50,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC2 ⇒ iShares MSCI Emerging Index Fund (EEM) [EF] | DC | held | $1,001 - $15,000 | None | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC3 ⇒ iShares MSCI EAFE ETF (EFA) [EF] | DC | held | $1,001 - $15,000 | None | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC2 ⇒ iShares MSCI EAFE ETF (EFA) [EF] | DC | held | $1,001 - $15,000 | None | $0 | $0 |
Largest movers 2018→2019
| Position (as written in filing) | Owner | Kind | Opening range(s) | Closing range(s) | Buys (mid) | Sales (mid) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Standard Bear, LLC ⇒ Note [DO] | — | held | $100,001 - $250,000 | $50,001 - $100,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC3 ⇒ Invesco QQQ Trust, Series 1 (QQQ) [EF] | DC | held | $15,001 - $50,000 | $50,001 - $100,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC2 ⇒ Invesco QQQ Trust, Series 1 (QQQ) [EF] | DC | held | $15,001 - $50,000 | $50,001 - $100,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC1 ⇒ Walt Disney Company (DIS) [ST] | DC | held | $15,001 - $50,000 | $50,001 - $100,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Fifth Third Bank Checking Account [BA] | JT | held | $15,001 - $50,000 | $1,001 - $15,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC1 ⇒ Sonos, Inc. (SONO) [ST] | DC | held | $1,001 - $15,000 | $15,001 - $50,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC2 ⇒ Apple Inc. (AAPL) [ST] | DC | held | $1,001 - $15,000 | $15,001 - $50,000 | $0 | $0 |
| Charles Schwab Investment Account - DC1 ⇒ Cash [BA] | DC | held | $1,001 - $15,000 | $1 - $1,000 | $0 | $0 |
Method (summary)
- Schedule A asset rows are read from each annual report; the dollar range for each row is converted to its midpoint. Open-ended top ranges (“Over $50,000,000”) are excluded from the traced set and counted as a coverage loss.
- Positions are matched year to year by owner code (self/SP/DC/JT) + normalised asset name. A position that appears only in year t is included only if Schedule B shows a purchase of it in year t (opening value 0); a position that disappears is included only if Schedule B shows a sale (closing value 0). Otherwise it is excluded as unexplained.
- Estimated gain = (closing − opening + reported income − purchases + sale proceeds) ÷ opening, all at midpoints, for the traced positions. “Capital gains” income is not added again (it is already in value change and sale proceeds).
- A year counts only if traced opening value ≥ $50,000 and traced coverage ≥ 60% of the opening midpoint. A member is ranked only with ≥ 3 such years (exactly 2 = “limited data”, shown but unranked). Average = geometric mean of (1+yearly estimate).
Limitations
- Ranges are wide (up to a factor of 5 or more, and up to $50M+ open-ended); a holding can move between ranges without any real change in value, and stay in a range while moving materially. Yearly estimates are therefore noisy; the “strict envelope” shows the mathematical worst/best case and is typically wider than ±100%.
- Purchases and sales are only disclosed as ranges and only for transactions over $1,000; partial sales, dividend reinvestment, spousal/dependent accounts and retirement-plan funds are reported inconsistently. Excepted/blind trusts, personal residences and certain pensions are not reported at all.
- Filers sometimes change how they list assets (e.g. listing a brokerage account vs. its individual holdings), which can make positions untraceable across years; these are excluded rather than guessed.
- Asset values in an annual report are as of Dec 31 of the reporting year; the report year t−1→t covers that calendar year. Late or amended filings are used when filed; extensions can delay them.
- The text of these reports is machine-parsed from PDFs; parse errors are possible. Every number links back to the cited filing. This is not investment advice.
- Use of these filings is restricted by 5 U.S.C. § 105(c) (no unlawful, commercial or credit-rating purpose, and none for solicitation of money).
Generated 2026-10-01 by an automated pipeline. Data: Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives (disclosures-clerk.house.gov); member roster: unitedstates/congress-legislators (CC0).